Structural insights into RNA recognition by RIG-I.

Publication Type:

Journal Article

Authors:

Luo, Dahai; Ding, Steve C; Vela, Adriana; Kohlway, Andrew; Lindenbach, Brett D; Pyle, Anna Marie

Source:

Cell, Volume 147, Issue 2, p.409-22 (2011)

Keywords:

Adenosine Triphosphate, Amino Acid Motifs, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Cell Line, Crystallography, X-Ray, DEAD Box Protein 58, DEAD-box RNA Helicases, Humans, Hydrolysis, Models, Molecular, Protein Structure, Tertiary, RNA, Double-Stranded, Sequence Alignment, Signal Transduction

Abstract:

<p>Intracellular RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs, including RIG-I, MDA-5, and LGP2) recognize viral RNAs as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and initiate an antiviral immune response. To understand the molecular basis of this process, we determined the crystal structure of RIG-I in complex with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). The dsRNA is sheathed within a network of protein domains that include a conserved "helicase" domain (regions HEL1 and HEL2), a specialized insertion domain (HEL2i), and a C-terminal regulatory domain (CTD). A V-shaped pincer connects HEL2 and the CTD by gripping an α-helical shaft that extends from HEL1. In this way, the pincer coordinates functions of all the domains and couples RNA binding with ATP hydrolysis. RIG-I falls within the Dicer-RIG-I clade of the superfamily 2 helicases, and this structure reveals complex interplay between motor domains, accessory mechanical domains, and RNA that has implications for understanding the nanomechanical function of this protein family and other ATPases more broadly.</p>