Dynamic Conformational States Dictate Selectivity toward the Native Substrate in a Substrate-Permissive Acyltransferase.

Publication Type:

Journal Article

Authors:

Levsh, Olesya; Chiang, Ying-Chih; Tung, Chun Fai; Noel, Joseph P; Wang, Yi; Weng, Jing-Ke

Source:

Biochemistry, Volume 55, Issue 45, p.6314-6326 (2016)

Keywords:

Acyltransferases, Amino Acid Sequence, Arabidopsis Proteins, Binding Sites, Biocatalysis, Catalytic Domain, Crystallography, X-Ray, Hydrogen Bonding, Kinetics, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Mutation, Protein Conformation, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Shikimic Acid, Static Electricity, Substrate Specificity

Abstract:

<p>Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:shikimate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT) is an essential acyltransferase that mediates flux through plant phenylpropanoid metabolism by catalyzing a reaction between p-coumaroyl-CoA and shikimate, yet it also exhibits broad substrate permissiveness in vitro. How do enzymes like HCT avoid functional derailment by cellular metabolites that qualify as non-native substrates? Here, we combine X-ray crystallography and molecular dynamics to reveal distinct dynamic modes of HCT under native and non-native catalysis. We find that essential electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding interactions between the ligand and active site residues, permitted by active site plasticity, are elicited more effectively by shikimate than by other non-native substrates. This work provides a structural basis for how dynamic conformational states of HCT favor native over non-native catalysis by reducing the number of futile encounters between the enzyme and shikimate.</p>

PDB: 
the apo and 3-hydroxyacetophenone-bound forms of CbHCT are 5KJV, and 5KJW
Detector: 
Q315
Beamline: 
24-ID-E